Exploring Two Key Factors That May Lead to Schizophrenia

In Thailand, the prevalence of schizophrenia is approximately 0.88%, affecting both males and females equally. Although the exact causes of schizophrenia remain unknown, it is believed to stem from two significant factors:

1. Biological Factors

• Genetics: Relatives of individuals with schizophrenia have a higher likelihood of developing the disorder compared to the general population. The closer the genetic relationship, the greater the risk. The general population has a 1% risk, siblings of patients have a 9% risk, children with one affected parent have a 13% risk, fraternal twins of patients have a 17% risk, and identical twins have a 48% risk.
• Imbalance of Brain Chemicals: An imbalance in neurotransmitters in the brain is associated with schizophrenia.
• Reduced Brain Volume and Overall Brain Function: Individuals with schizophrenia often have less brain tissue and decreased overall brain function, which correlates with negative symptoms, poor treatment response, and cognitive impairments.

2. Social and Family Factors

Family dynamics can significantly influence the recurrence of schizophrenia symptoms. Families of patients who frequently relapse often exhibit high emotional expression, such as criticism, hostility, or over-involvement with the patient.

Treatment and Support

Effective treatment can significantly improve the symptoms of schizophrenia, allowing patients to lead fulfilling lives. Additionally, support from family and community is crucial in helping patients integrate into society and enhance their quality of life.

Nattapach Lamliangpon, M.D.
Adult Psychiatrist