Early Detection
Identifying symptoms of depression early is crucial for effective treatment. Our team prioritizes early detection to enable timely interventions, giving patients a better chance at recovery.
Multidisciplinary Team (MDT)
Our experienced team of psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists, pharmacists, and nurses work together to create comprehensive, personalized treatment plans. This collaborative approach ensures that each patient receives well-rounded care tailored to their unique needs.
Personalized Evidence-based Treatment
Every patient’s experience with depression is different. We craft individualized treatment plans grounded in the latest research and best practices to ensure our patients receive the most effective care possible.
Psychiatrist
At BMHH, we offer individual sessions with a psychiatrist for initial screening and assessment. These sessions are crucial for developing a comprehensive understanding of each patient's mental health needs and creating a personalized treatment plan. By conducting thorough evaluations and providing expert guidance, our psychiatrists ensure that every patient receives the most appropriate and effective care tailored to their unique situation.
Therapy
BMHH provides a wide range of comprehensive therapy options tailored to our patients' needs. We offer individual sessions, art therapy, and music therapy. For individual therapy, we specialize in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Satir Transformational Systemic Therapy (STST), and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). These methods help patients build coping skills, enhance emotional regulation, and process trauma. By offering such a diverse array of therapies, we ensure personalized care that effectively supports each patient's path to mental health and recovery.
dTMS
Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) is one of the premier services offered at BMHH, providing a cutting-edge, non-invasive treatment option for depression. dTMS utilizes magnetic fields to stimulate specific brain regions involved in mood regulation, targeting deeper and broader areas of the brain compared to traditional TMS. Our hospital's integration of dTMS into our mental health services offers an effective option for patients, particularly those who have not responded well to conventional treatments.
Children (6-12 years old)
- Family History: Having a parent or close relative with depression significantly increases a child's risk. This could be due to genetic factors or a learned helplessness observed in the home environment.
- Learning Disabilities: Difficulty keeping up in school can lead to frustration, low self-esteem, and social isolation, all of which can contribute to depression
- Bullying or Peer Rejection: Social issues are particularly challenging for young children. Being ostracized or targeted by peers can severely impact their emotional well-being.
- Changes in Family Life: Major life transitions, such as divorce, a new baby, or a parent's illness, can be disruptive and stressful for children. They might struggle to express these feelings, leading to depressive symptoms.
- Loss of a Loved One: Children grieve differently than adults. The loss of a parent, sibling, pet, or close friend can manifest as depression or behavioral changes.
Adolescents (12-18 years old)
- Academic Pressures: Exam stress, pressure to perform well, and competition can lead to anxiety, low self-esteem, and feelings of inadequacy. These stressors can overwhelm adolescents and contribute to depression
- Social Issues: This period is marked by intense social development. Bullying, peer pressure, fitting in, and romantic relationships can be significant sources of stress and trigger depression.
- Family Conflict: A strained relationship with parents, siblings, or caregivers can create a negative home environment. Constant arguments, lack of support, or feeling unheard can contribute to feelings of isolation and depression.
- Identity Crisis: Adolescence is a time of self-discovery. Navigating body image changes, figuring out who they are, and the uncertainty about their future can lead to confusion and vulnerability to depression.
- Exposure to Trauma: Experiencing any form of abuse, violence, or a major loss (such as a parent's death) can significantly increase the risk of depression in adolescents.
Adults (18-65 years old)
- Life Stressors: Adults face a wide range of challenges that can trigger depression. Relationship problems, job loss, major life changes (marriage, childbirth, empty nest), financial difficulties, and bereavement can all be significant contributors.
- Medical Conditions: Chronic illnesses (e.g., diabetes, heart disease), chronic pain, and hormonal imbalances (e.g., thyroid problems, perimenopause) can directly impact mood and increase the risk of depression.
- Substance Abuse: Alcohol and drug use can worsen existing depression or be a coping mechanism that backfires in the long run. Substance abuse can disrupt sleep patterns, damage relationships, and exacerbate feelings of worthlessness.
Elderly (65+ years old)
- Loss: This age group often experiences significant losses, including the death of a spouse, friends, or family members. These losses can lead to feelings of isolation, loneliness, and grief, which can contribute to depression.
- Health Concerns: As we age, the risk of chronic health conditions and physical limitations increases. The pain, disability, and dependence associated with these conditions can significantly impact mood and self-esteem, leading to depression.
- Retirement: Retirement can be a challenging transition. The loss of a structured daily routine, social interaction with colleagues, and purpose can trigger feelings of emptiness and low self-worth.
- Social Isolation: Living alone, limited mobility, and a decline in social networks can lead to feelings of isolation and loneliness. Social interaction is vital for mental health, and its absence can contribute to depression.
- Medication Side Effects: Some medications commonly prescribed to older adults can have depression as a side effect. Being aware of this possibility is important.
Additional Considerations
- Gender: Women are generally more likely to experience depression throughout their lifespan. Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, perimenopause, and menopause can play a role.
- Personality Traits: People with low self-esteem, negative thinking patterns, or difficulty managing stress are at higher risk for depression at
- Genetics: Having a family history of depression is a significant risk factor. It suggests a genetic predisposition to imbalances in brain chemistry that can contribute to depression.
- Brain Chemistry: Depression is linked to imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine. These chemicals regulate mood, sleep, and energy levels. Imbalances can lead to symptoms like fatigue, loss of interest in activities, and feelings of hopelessness.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
What is it?
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest in activities, and a variety of emotional and physical problems. It affects how you feel, think, and handle daily activities. MDD can range from mild to severe, impacting daily life and functioning.
Symptoms
- Mild MDD:
- Persistent sadness or low mood
- Decreased interest in activities
- Fatigue or low energy
- Difficulty in sleeping or sleeping too much
- Moderate MDD:
- Significant weight changes
- Noticeable decrease in energy and activity
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
- Difficulty concentrating
- Severe MDD:
- Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide
- Severe impairment in daily functioning
- Psychotic symptoms (delusions, hallucinations)
How is it diagnosed?
MDD is diagnosed through a combination of clinical evaluation and patient history. A healthcare provider will assess symptoms, their duration, and their impact on daily life. Diagnostic criteria from the DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) are often used, requiring at least five symptoms to be present for a minimum of two weeks.
How is it treated?
Treatment for MDD often involves a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) are common psychotherapeutic approaches. Antidepressant medications, such as SSRIs and SNRIs, are frequently prescribed. Lifestyle changes, including regular exercise and a healthy diet, can also support treatment.
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
What is it?
Persistent Depressive Disorder, also known as dysthymia, is a chronic form of depression where a person experiences a low mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years. While symptoms may be less severe than major depression, they are long-lasting.
Symptoms
- Chronic sadness or low mood
- Fatigue or low energy
- Low self-esteem
- Poor appetite or overeating
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- Feelings of hopelessness
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a clinical evaluation where a healthcare provider assesses the duration and consistency of symptoms. The DSM-5 criteria for dysthymia include a depressed mood for most of the day, more days than not, for at least two years, along with at least two other symptoms of depression.
How is it treated?
Treatment typically includes psychotherapy, such as CBT, to help manage symptoms and develop coping strategies. Antidepressant medications may also be prescribed. Long-term treatment and support are often necessary to manage this chronic condition.
Bipolar Disorder
What is it?
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression). These mood swings can affect sleep, energy, behavior, judgment, and the ability to think clearly.
Symptoms
- Manic or Hypomanic Episode:
- Increased energy or activity
- Euphoric or irritable mood
- Decreased need for sleep
- Rapid speech or thoughts
- Impulsive behavior
- Depressive Episode:
- Persistent sadness or low mood
- Loss of interest in activities
- Fatigue or low energy
- Feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness
- Difficulty concentrating
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a thorough psychiatric evaluation, including a detailed history of mood swings and their impact on daily life. The DSM-5 criteria for bipolar disorder require the presence of at least one manic or hypomanic episode, and often depressive episodes, for diagnosis.
How is it treated?
Treatment usually includes a combination of mood stabilizers, antipsychotic medications, and psychotherapy. Lithium is a common mood stabilizer used to treat bipolar disorder. Therapy focuses on managing symptoms, developing coping strategies, and maintaining a stable mood.
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
What is it?
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs at a specific time of year, usually in the winter when there is less natural sunlight. It can cause significant mood changes and affect daily functioning.
Symptoms
- Low energy and fatigue
- Overeating and weight gain
- Craving for carbohydrates
- Difficulty concentrating
- Feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness
- Social withdrawal
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on the timing and recurrence of depressive episodes, typically during the fall and winter months for at least two consecutive years. A healthcare provider will also evaluate the severity of symptoms and their impact on daily life.
How is it treated?
Treatment options include light therapy, which involves exposure to bright artificial light to compensate for the lack of natural sunlight. Antidepressant medications and psychotherapy can also be effective. Lifestyle changes, such as spending more time outdoors and maintaining a regular exercise routine, may help alleviate symptoms.
Postpartum Depression
What is it?
Postpartum depression is a type of depression that can occur in women after giving birth. It is more severe and long-lasting than the "baby blues," which are common and usually resolve within two weeks after delivery.
Symptoms
- Severe mood swings
- Excessive crying
- Difficulty bonding with the baby
- Withdrawal from family and friends
- Severe fatigue or loss of energy
- Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
- Thoughts of harming yourself or the baby
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a thorough evaluation by a healthcare provider, considering the timing of symptoms and their severity. A detailed history and possibly a screening questionnaire can help identify postpartum depression.
How is it treated?
Treatment may include psychotherapy, such as CBT or IPT, and medication, like antidepressants, that are safe for breastfeeding. Support groups and counseling can also be beneficial for new mothers.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
What is it?
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) characterized by significant mood disturbances and physical symptoms that occur in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and improve within a few days after menstruation begins.
Symptoms
- Severe irritability or anger
- Depressed mood or feelings of hopelessness
- Anxiety or tension
- Decreased interest in usual activities
- Difficulty concentrating
- Fatigue or low energy
- Changes in appetite or sleep patterns
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves tracking symptoms over at least two menstrual cycles to confirm their timing and severity. A healthcare provider will also assess the impact of symptoms on daily life and functioning.
How is it treated?
Treatment options include lifestyle changes, such as regular exercise and a healthy diet, as well as stress management techniques. Medications, such as SSRIs or hormonal treatments like birth control pills, can also be effective. Cognitive-behavioral therapy may help manage symptoms.
Treatment-Resistant Depression
What is it?
Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a form of depression that does not respond adequately to standard treatments, such as antidepressants and psychotherapy. Patients with TRD continue to experience significant depressive symptoms despite multiple treatment attempts.
Symptoms
- Persistent sadness or low mood
- Lack of response to multiple antidepressant medications
- Ongoing fatigue or low energy
- Feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness
- Difficulty concentrating
- Persistent thoughts of death or suicide
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves a comprehensive evaluation to confirm the lack of response to at least two different antidepressant treatments of adequate dose and duration. A healthcare provider may also assess underlying conditions that could contribute to treatment resistance.
How is it treated?
Treatment may involve higher doses of medications, combinations of different medications, or alternative treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS), or ketamine infusions. Psychotherapy and lifestyle changes remain important components of treatment.
When to See the Doctor
It's important to consult a doctor if you experience:
- Persistent sadness or low mood affecting daily life
- Loss of interest in usual activities
- Significant changes in sleep, appetite, or energy levels
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
- Symptoms that last for more than two weeks
Early intervention can improve outcomes and prevent symptoms from worsening. If you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, seeking professional help is crucial.
When to Get Emergency Help
Seek emergency help immediately if you or someone you know has:
- Thoughts of suicide or self-harm
- Severe impairment in daily functioning
- Psychotic symptoms such as delusions or hallucinations
- An inability to care for oneself or others
- Engaged in risky or harmful behaviors
In these situations, immediate medical attention is necessary to ensure safety and proper care. Do not hesitate to call emergency services or go to the nearest emergency room if there is a crisis.
BMHH Comprehensive
Depression Center
Learn more about depression
BMHH Comprehensive
Depression Center
The Comprehensive Depression Center at BMHH is dedicated to early detection, multidisciplinary team (MDT), and personalized evidence-based treatment. We aim to improve outcomes by having specialists and psychiatrists identify depression symptoms early. Our team consists of various mental health professionals who work together to provide comprehensive care tailored to each patient. By combining the latest research with individualized treatment plans, we strive to support patients on their path to recovery and mental wellness.
Our Treatment Approaches
Early Detection
Multidisciplinary Team (MDT)
Personalized Evidence-based
Treatment
Treatment
Our Services
Screening Test
Feeling overwhelmed, sad, or anxious? It is important to check in on your mental health. Our free, confidential depression screening test can help you understand your feelings and find the support you need. Take the first step towards well-being today.
Take the test
Let's hear from our psychiatrist!
Depression by
Age Range: Understanding
the Causes
Depression can affect people of all ages, but the way it manifests and the leading causes can differ significantly. Here's a breakdown of depression across four age groups.
Learn more
Children
(6-12 years old)
(6-12 years old)
Adolescents
(12-18 years old)
(12-18 years old)
Adults
(18-65 years old)
(18-65 years old)
Elderly
(65+ years old)
(65+ years old)
Additional
Considerations
Considerations
Types of Depression
Depression is a multifaceted condition, often mistakenly viewed as a single entity. In reality, it manifests in various forms, each with distinct characteristics and treatment requirements. Recognizing these differences is essential for understanding and addressing the complexities of depression effectively.
Major
Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Persistent
Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)
Bipolar
Disorder
Seasonal
Affective Disorder (SAD)
Postpartum
Depression
Premenstrual
Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Premenstrual
Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Premenstrual
Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)
Persistent Depressive
Disorder (Dysthymia)
Disorder (Dysthymia)
Bipolar Disorder
Seasonal Affective
Disorder (SAD)
Disorder (SAD)
Postpartum Depression
Premenstrual Dysphoric
Disorder (PMDD)
Disorder (PMDD)
Treatment-Resistant
Depression
Depression
When to Seek Help
Depression related articles
Read more articles
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Depression is a serious mental health condition that can affect anyone. While feeling sad or down is normal, persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or worthlessness might indicate depression. Other common symptoms include changes in appetite, sleep, energy levels, and difficulty concentrating. If you're experiencing several of these symptoms for more than two weeks, it's important to seek professional help.
While there's no cure for depression, it is treatable. Many people experience significant improvement with a combination of therapy, medication, lifestyle changes, and support
Treatment for depression typically involves psychotherapy (talk therapy), medication, or a combination of both. Psychotherapy includes various approaches like Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Satir Transformational Systemic Therapy (STST), and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Medication often involves antidepressants. The most effective treatment plan depends on the individual's specific needs and the severity of their depression.
The decision to use medication is made on an individual basis. It's important to discuss the potential benefits and risks of medication with your doctor.
The length of treatment varies depending on the individual and the severity of their depression. Some may feel better within a few months, while others may need longer-term treatment.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, continuing with recommended treatment, building a strong support system, and monitoring for early signs of depression can help prevent relapse
Yes, we prioritize the confidentiality of our patients. All information shared with our staff is kept strictly confidential.
During your first visit, you will meet with a mental health professional who will conduct a comprehensive assessment to understand your symptoms and develop a treatment plan.
We accept a variety of insurance plans. Please contact our center to verify if your insurance is accepted.
Talk to Doctor
Call Us
Line BMHH